Geology Field Trip (1)

The geology field trip associated with the university class I took this spring was cancelled because of weather, but the one that was a follow-up to a Missouri Master Naturalist lecture happened on a beautiful spring day in early May! We started out at the Springfield Conservation Nature Center…the longest hike of the trip with stops along the way to see examples of

  • (Chert nodules)

  • Sedimentation – erosion and deposition

  • Soil creep

  • Bluffs and rock fall

  • Spring

  • Sinkhole

  • River meandering

Most of my pictures were not about geology! I noticed the turtle and water plants in the sedimentation area. It is easier to take pictures of landscapes than geologic features. The hike was over boardwalk and forest trails. The only place the trail was muddy/wet/slippery was where the spring water ran over it. Overall, it was a great hike…and I was ready for lunch afterward. If I do the hike again on my own, I will take it a bit slower; I’ve learned that my knees get sore with a lot of walking on uneven surfaces.

The botanical highpoint of the day was wild ginger in bloom!

A jack-in-the-pulpit was a close second.

From a tree perspective, seeing a young sassafras and a black locust in bloom was great too.

Near the nature center – there are plantings of native wildflowers. They had a cage around the lady slipper orchid that was blooming.

More tomorrow on the rest of the Geology Field Trip…

Harold Prairie

One of the topics that came up in the last Missouri Master Naturalist chapter meeting was the need for some maintenance for Harold Prairie - the last native remnant in Greene County, Missouri. Shortly after the meeting, an email was sent out offering a tour and about 8 of us walked around the prairie the next Sunday between Highway 123 and the Frisco Highline Trail northeast of Willard, MO.

We caravaned from one of the trailhead in Willard. The long and narrow prairie had been recently mowed (road to the right in the picture….trail to the left behind the brush that had not been mowed). The prairie plants were coming up in the thatch.

We saw wildlife right away in the fringe of brush at the side of the trail:

Ornate box turtle

Gray tree frog – Missouri’s most common species of tree frog

A few things were blooming!

Most of the plants were just green...emerging and growing rapidly with the warmer spring days.

We talked about a plant survey in June and burning in the fall. There could be some manual woody plant removal required too.

One such woody plant that I was pleased to photograph: a black cherry. It was on the other side of the trail from the prairie but maybe the goal will be to extend the prairie to be both sides of the trail in some areas. We’ll see.

I am looking forward to what will likely be the next activity – the plant survey in June. Hopefully I won’t have a conflict…and the weather will cooperate!

Gleanings of the Week Ending May 03, 2025

The items below were ‘the cream’ of the articles and websites I found this past week. Click on the light green text to look at the article.

Foraging Violets – I have a lot of violets growing in my yard…and I am going to start harvesting them for salads. Why buy fresh greens when there is such a plentiful supply that I can pick just before I eat them?

The Unexpected Science of Staying Happy – An article about the World Happiness Report. The U.S., Canada, and Switzerland—all once top 10 contenders—have dropped out of the top 20 for the first time since the report began. That decline is linked to a drop in social trust and a rise in what researchers call “deaths of despair,” especially among men over 60​.

The 120-Year-Old Tiny Home Villages That Sheltered San Francisco’s Earthquake Refugees – A different perspective on history….more substantial than tents.

Exquisite Street Photography Celebrates the Different Moods of New York City at Night – More umbrellas than I expected.

Emily Cole, Daughter of Hudson River School Icon, Shines in Overdue Museum Show – She became a porcelain painter (botanicals) and painted in her father’s studio…. exhibiting her work a what is now the Thomas Cole National Historic Site.

Relics of a Red World in Bighorn Basin – Satellite image of “red beds” in northern Wyoming and Southern Montana formed when the land was part of Pangea and there were extreme wet/dry seasons causing hematite in the rocks to oxidize (rust). The area is rich in fossils and oil/gas reserves.

Tree Rings Bear Witness to Illegal Gold Mining Operations in the Amazon, New Study Finds – The miners use liquid mercury which is then burned to obtain the gold….releasing toxic mercury into the air. Core samples from trunks of fig trees show the mercury levels…when they ramped up and how substantial they were/are.

Smoke from US wildfires, prescribed burns caused premature deaths, billions in health damages - Researchers estimated that smoke from wildfires and prescribed burns caused $200 billion in health damages in 2017, and that these were associated with 20,000 premature deaths. Senior citizens were harmed the most.

Check Out the First Confirmed Footage of the Colossal Squid, a Rare and Enigmatic Deep-Sea Species – This was a young one….only a foot lot. They can grow to be 23 feet long

The Only Ancient Greek Theater on the Ionian Islands Is Finally Unearthed – It was discovered in 1901 but was reburied after their survey…and olive groves and makeshift warehouses eventually covered the site. The site was abandoned during the reign of Roman Emperor Augustus.

eBotanical Prints – April 2025

Twenty more books were added to my botanical print eBook collection in April - available for browsing on Internet Archive. The series of Recueil des plantes les plus usuelles peintes d'apres nature by Pierre de Savary that I started browsing back in March was completed in April. Another series, Getreue Darstellung und Beschreibung der in der Arzneykunde gebräuchlichen Gewächse, included 5 volumes (medicinal plants). A third series was started at the end of the month Descriptions of orchid genera by Fritz Kraenzlin; there are another 6 volumes that will be in the May eBotanical Prints list. There were only 3 books that were not in a series!

My list of eBotanical Prints books now totals 3,103 eBooks I’ve browsed over the years. The whole list can be accessed here.

Click on any sample image from April’s 20 books below to get an enlarged version…and the title hyperlink in the list below the image mosaic to view the entire volume where there are a lot more botanical illustrations to browse.

Enjoy the April 2025 eBotanical Prints!

Recueil des plantes les plus usuelles peintes d'apres nature V6 * Savary, Pierre de * sample image * 1769

Recueil des plantes les plus usuelles peintes d'apres nature V7 * Savary, Pierre de * sample image * 1769

Recueil des plantes les plus usuelles peintes d'apres nature V8 * Savary, Pierre de * sample image * 1769

Recueil des plantes les plus usuelles peintes d'apres nature V9 * Savary, Pierre de * sample image * 1771

Recueil des plantes les plus usuelles peintes d'apres nature V10 * Savary, Pierre de * sample image * 1772

Recueil des plantes les plus usuelles peintes d'apres nature V11 * Savary, Pierre de * sample image * 1773

Recueil des plantes les plus usuelles peintes d'apres nature V12 * Savary, Pierre de * sample image * 1773

Illustrations of the Complete Classics Collection of Ancient China, Vol. 39. * Chen Menglei, Jiang Tingxi * sample image * 1725

Collection de curiosites du Royaume des plantes * Gofman, Petr Marynovich * sample image * 1797

Getreue Darstellung und Beschreibung der in der Arzneykunde gebräuchlichen Gewächse (1805-1809) * Hayne, Friedrich Gottlob * sample image * 1809

Getreue Darstellung und Beschreibung der in der Arzneykunde gebräuchlichen Gewächse (1825 - 1827) * Hayne, Friedrich Gottlob * sample image * 1827

Getreue Darstellung und Beschreibung der in der Arzneykunde gebräuchlichen Gewächse (1817 - 1819) * Hayne, Friedrich Gottlob * sample image * 1819

Getreue Darstellung und Beschreibung der in der Arzneykunde gebräuchlichen Gewächse (1821- 1822) * Hayne, Friedrich Gottlob * sample image * 1822

Getreue Darstellung und Beschreibung der in der Arzneykunde gebräuchlichen Gewächse (1830-1833) * Hayne, Friedrich Gottlob * sample image * 1833

Enumeratio plantarum anno 1890 in Caucaso lectarum * Sommier, Stefano, Levier, Emile * sample image * 1900

Descriptions of orchid genera 1880-1908 V1 * Kraenzlin, Fritz * sample image * 1908

Descriptions of orchid genera 1880-1908 V2 * Kraenzlin, Fritz * sample image * 1908

Descriptions of orchid genera 1880-1908 V3 * Kraenzlin, Fritz * sample image * 1908

Descriptions of orchid genera 1880-1908 V4 * Kraenzlin, Fritz * sample image * 1908

Descriptions of orchid genera 1880-1908 V5 * Kraenzlin, Fritz * sample image * 1908

Zooming – April 2025

Springtime photography….is April the best month? It seems like that might be true this year. The photographs were taken at the Springfield Botanical Gardens, my yard, the Missouri State University Campus, my daughter’s yard, Onondaga Cave, and 2 volunteer activities. There were so many images to choose from; I selected 23. I used three different cameras – iPhone 15 Pro Max, Canon Powershot SX730 HS, and Nikon Coolpix P950. Enjoy the slideshow!

Road Trip to Dallas in April 2025

I was braced to make the whole drive between my home in Missouri to Dallas in the rain last week….but the rain didn’t materialize until I got more than halfway there. The scissortail flycatchers are back for the summer and I saw quite a few flying over or beside the road; the silhouette is very distinctive. There also seemed to be more egrets too. I didn’t see quite as many hawks because the leaves are out on most of the trees and that makes the birds harder to spot. There was an interesting mural on a truck at one of the truck stops.

It rained heavily as I got to McAllister OK but then was only sprinkling when I got to the Texas Welcome Center on US 75. The bluebonnets were in bloom!

It had evidently done more that sprinkle at the place just before I got there…the water droplets were still clinging to the flowers. Most of the plantings are native…but there are a few yellow roses too.

Training and Volunteering in Lebanon MO

I had responded to a request from a fellow Missouri Master Naturalist for a program last weekend – a little bit of training and volunteering about an hour from where I live. There was heavy rain for the drive there – but it was weekend and the traffic was not as heavy as usual on the interstate. Fortunately, the first part was training so I could destress after the drive. I wandered around the Route 66 museum that is housed in the same building with the library. It was interesting – lots of items specific to Lebanon and then more broadly to Route 66. Much was before my memories began so I would have appreciated a few more dates for the pictures and newspaper articles. I enjoyed seeing the displays….glad I don’t have to drive over any ‘bone-jarring Ozark rock roads’!

I do vaguely remember one of my grandmothers having a wringer washing machine in the barn in the early 60s so that was something in the museum that looked familiar.

Then I had a brief training on the nature touch tables set up in the foyer of the library/museum. There were skulls and rocks and pelts and snake models/skins/id puzzles and pictures of caves and wildlife there – a bat preserved in acrylic. Handouts for each topic from Missouri Department of Conservation were available and many people took at least one. The snake booklets were probably the most popular.

I’m learning a lot about different parts of Missouri through Missouri Master Naturalist volunteering…I like feeling more familiar with the state where I now live and interacting with people!

Gleanings of the Week Ending April 26, 2025

The items below were ‘the cream’ of the articles and websites I found this past week. Click on the light green text to look at the article.

Liberation of Bergen-Belsen: how a lack of protective clothing cost lives – Typhus was rampant when the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp was liberated by British troops on April 15, 1945. Anne Frank had died there just a few weeks before. What happened in the immediate aftermath of liberation is described.

How climate change is supercharging pollen allergies – Longer growing season….and extreme allergy events where trillions of pollen particles, sucked up into the clouds as the storm formed, splintered by rain, lightning and humidity into ever-smaller fragments – then cast back down to Earth for people to breathe them in. In one such event in Australia - emergency rooms saw eight times as many people turning up with breathing problems as they would normally expect. Nearly 10 times as many people with asthma were admitted to hospital. 10 people died. It’s been called ‘thunderstorm asthma.’ In the US, pollen levels are expected to be higher than average in 39 states…with worse symptoms.

Colorful city birds – Brown shades are more common in natural environments than in cities. Successful urban bird species have more elaborate colors in their plumage, which is especially true for females. Cities seem to favor more colorful birds -- probably because there are fewer predators in urban areas and 'being seen' poses a lower risk than in rural areas.

See the Titanic in Remarkable Detail With a 3D Scan – From National Geographic. …a digital reconstruction of the wreck.

Royal Meteorological Society Celebrates 10 Years of Incredible Weather Photography – Great photographs an interview with Kirsty McCabe, UK's Royal Meteorological Society’s senior broadcast meteorologist and editor of their MetMatters blog.

Odd-Looking Blue Creatures Are Washing Up in Large Groups on California’s Beaches Once Again –The jellyfish-like creatures in this post are Velella velella – thin, oval shaped blue or purple that usually are 3-4 inches long. They use their stinging blue tentacles to prey on plankton.

Meet Four Amazing Endemic Parrots from New Zealand – They are quite different from each other…and the parrots we see in zoos.

Why you should avoid lotions and creams that contain 'fragrance' – Avoiding fragrance is easy enough…but other things are harder to detect and avoid.

Six immersive experiences for more joy – The 6 seems reasonable to me…most of them I had derived for myself already!

Ten National Wildlife Refuges That Need Our Support Most – All the wildlife refigures I have visited over the past few years have unmet maintenance needs. Funding for materials, equipment and staff has been too low for some time. There are Friends organizations that try to address some of the needs…but it is never enough. Some of the places that became refuges because they are very special are suffering now…maybe being irrecoverably harmed.

Dogwoods

The flowering dogwood flowers are beginning to wane…but they have put on a good show this month.

I took the pictures for this post on the Missouri State University campus on the way to the Student Union for lunch with my daughter. There was a grouping of the natives (white) and a hybrid (pink). Their branches were low enough to get macro pictures.

Later in the week, my daughter and I visited Onondaga and Bennett Spring State Parks and I enjoyed the winding roads in and near the parks with Flowering Dogwood (the native) in the understory. I’m glad Missouri chose the dogwood for its state tree!

Dogwoods were a tree I remember from east Texas earlier in my life….and then seeing a lot more of them in Virginia and Maryland when I moved to that area in the early 80s. Then Dogwood Anthracnose killed or damaged many of the trees there; they vanished from the understory in some areas. So – I was happy to observe healthy Flowering Dogwoods in the wild again.

Onondaga Cave (1)

My daughter and I visited Onondaga Cave State Park last week. I had made reservations for the 10 AM cave tour. The park is a bit over 2 hours from Springfield – almost all on I-44. We made good time and had time to look around outside before going in to join the tour. There were emerging plants in the pollinator garden (I only spotted one milkweed…hope there are more nearby) and a display about the Gemstone and Fossil Panning activity (we were focused on the cave but it would be a fun activity with children).

I used my small Canon PowerShot SX730 HS on the ‘night scene’ setting. It worked relatively well although the guide was using as flashlight and sometimes the light from the flashlight was needed!

The walk is about a mile….made easier by ramped walkways (i.e. no stairs). It is slippery in some places but there are handrails. There are a few low ceilings that could be hazardous for tall people, but the guide is very proactive about pointing them out.

Spring Miscellaneous

So much going on in April --- I’ve been out and about…noticing and photographing bits of springtime.

These first two are from my yard – two native plants I added 2 years ago: the fragrant sumac (a woody plant) that is putting up more stems and is blooming right now and the American spikenard (a perennial) that is coming up where I can see it from my office window!

On the Missouri State campus as I walked to my geology lab class: two maples that have produced samaras, sweet gum has small leaves and is beginning of seed formation, and some ‘carnation’ trees that have been added very recently are blooming at the edge of a parking lot.

There were some things I noticed at my daughter’s house as I waited for the tree crew to arrive: hostas coming up (she could easily divide these to supplement the few that are growing under her southern magnolia), a bed recently cleared of a bush honey suckle and other invasive plants…and there is some good stuff that survived underneath), Carolina silverbell in bloom, an azalea with a few flowers in deep shade under the hemlock,

Leaves unfurling on the oak leaf hydrangea, and

I like the garden gate on the shady side of her house. It’s idyllic looking but in previous years not a place to sit…because the mosquitos tend to like the area. Now that the redbud is gone, the area will get a little sun…maybe make it a pleasant place for a chair and small table.

Back at my home, the front yard has been mowed, and I made the decision to put mulch under the Asian dogwood tree. I cut the grass that had come up there very short with the weed eater and trimmed off the lower branches. I had enough cardboard to put under the mulch. The day was windy, so it was a bit challenging to keep the cardboard in place before I got the mulch on top. I used about 1/3 of the mulch I got from my daughter: a big blue bin and then a smaller bin. I used the snow shovel to move it around on top of the cardboard pieces…was pleased with the results. I am already planning the projects for the rest of the mulch – waiting to accumulate enough cardboard!

Gleanings of the Week Ending April 19, 2025

The items below were ‘the cream’ of the articles and websites I found this past week. Click on the light green text to look at the article.

Survey: US Public Spaces Not Meeting Community Needs – Funding for maintenance and basic improvements seems to be the key issue.

I tested some of the most popular ways of meeting new people. Here's what I found – The author engaged in 4 ‘hobbies’ and assessed their effectiveness in fostering social connection: team sports, bouldering, creative writing sessions, and a life drawing course. Evidently, they all worked for her! For me – my volunteer activities (with Missouri Master Naturalist and my county’s Friends of the Library) are the way I meet new people; I tend to like the triadic interactions (attention both to each other, and to an object or activity of mutual interest) that volunteering provides.

These Unassuming Artifacts from King Tut’s Tomb Could Tell a Remarkable Story – Originally the 4 small unbaked earthen dishes were thought to be stands for the nearly four-foot high gilded wooden staffs…but a new study proposes that the clay troughs would have held libations, most likely of water, aimed at the purification and rejuvenation of Tutankhamun in the afterlife, a rite known as the Awakening of Osiris.

Cuts to the National Weather Service May Have Serious Impacts on National Parks – And for everywhere else too. Weather impacts everybody.

New research boosts future whooping cough vaccines – My father – now in his 90s – almost died from whooping cough as a young child. Deaths have become less common since the vaccine although they are still in the double digits in the US. In 2024, several outbreaks left public health officials and hospitals scrambling to accommodate a sudden influx of patients, primarily infants, who are often too young to be vaccinated and suffer the most severe symptoms. I’m glad that a new vaccine may be more effective and longer lasting than the one we have now.

Study Reveals Mercury-Poisoned Industrial Age Child – A three- to four-year-old child died in France sometime in the 18th or 19th century. The youngster suffered from rickets and scurvy likely caused by poor living conditions during the Industrial Revolution. But there were also high levels of mercury in his bones and teeth. The study ruled out sources of mercury contamination and concluded that the child had been administered the toxic metal as a cure for his ailments, which ultimately killed him.

At 97, Endangered Tortoise Becomes Oldest First-Time Mom of Her Species with Four New Hatchlings – Four Galapagos tortoise hatchlings at the Philadelphia Zoo!

Celebrating Seeds – From The Prairie Ecologist. So many obstacles must be overcome for a seed to become a mature plant producing seeds….continuing the cycle of the species.

Antarctic Sea Ice Plunged in Summer 2025 - In 2025, summer sea ice in the Antarctic tied for the second-lowest minimum extent ever recorded in the 47-year satellite record. It’s not yet clear whether the Southern Hemisphere has entered a new norm with perennially low ice or if the Antarctic is in a passing phase that will revert to prior levels in the years to com

Global Economy More Vulnerable to Warming Than Previously Thought - By rattling supply chains, future storms and heat waves will also send ripples throughout the global economy, inflicting costs far higher than models currently show. No country is immune.

Science of Terra Nova British Antarctic Expedition

The Terra Nove expedition took place between 1910 and 1913. It was led by Captain Robert Falcon Scott who died after making a last entry in his diary on March 29, 1912; his death along with the men in his party, overshadowed the scientific contributions at first.

The 12 scientists who participated—the largest Antarctic scientific team of its time—made important discoveries in zoology, botany, geology, glaciology, and meteorology. Volumes 4-8 of the Natural History Reports from the expedition were published between 1917 and 1924; they are my free eBooks selections for this week…freely available on Internet Archive.

 Natural History Reports / British Antarctic ("Terra Nova") Expedition, 1910-13 V4

Natural History Reports / British Antarctic ("Terra Nova") Expedition, 1910-13 V5

Natural History Reports / British Antarctic ("Terra Nova") Expedition, 1910-13 V6

Natural History Reports / British Antarctic ("Terra Nova") Expedition, 1910-13 V7

Natural History Reports / British Antarctic ("Terra Nova") Expedition, 1910-13 V8

Butterfly House Training

My plan is to do a lot of volunteering to support the Roston Native Butterfly House during its May – September season. The training for new docents was this month – 1.5 hours on a Saturday morning. The training was held at the Springfield Botanical Center. I arrived a little early and took some pictures of plants near the entrance as I walked in. The spring bulbs are almost done…but there are a few that are still beautiful.

There will be an orientation in the butterfly house itself in the days before the opening to the public and new docents are paired with experienced ones as the season starts. There might be some additional volunteer roles helping with school tours to the butterfly house. I am confident that it will be a rewarding experience – maybe my volunteer gig for summers for the next several years at least.

The session was well organized with folders of information for everyone, a signup sheet to get t-shirts, and forms to fill out. Their goal was to have 60 volunteer docents to keep the butterfly house running smoothly. They had that many last year and hopefully the new volunteers, like me, will make up for any attrition.

There are similarities and differences between the volunteering I did in Maryland at Brookside Gardens Wings of Fancy. I am relieved that the containment requirements at this butterfly house are much easier since the butterflies are all natives! As far as interacting with visitors, I am anticipating that it will be very similar and something I will enjoy.

Reduction of my ‘Lawn’

I have done an initial mowing of my front yard but am waiting to mow my fenced back yard until we have a week of low temperatures above 50 degrees…so that all the butterflies and moths overwintering in the leaves (that I left on the yard) can emerge. Some of the back yard won’t ever be mowed again. There are some areas that were grassy a few years ago that are now overgrown with plants spilling over from the flowerbeds…mostly violets. The east side yard that is grass and will be mowed is 4-6 feet narrower than when we moved to the house!

In addition, an area between our Eastern White Pine and the patio beds with holly trees has been covered with pine needles to deter the scraggly grass (heavy shade) and there is a robust clump of lambs ear (bird planted) and a few violets there. I am dividing hostas that have grown too dense in the flower beds and transplanting them into the area….and will place more stepping stones between the patio and the grassy area to avoid stepping on tender plants.

One area of the side yard that I am not mowing as frequently contains 2 clumps of lambs ear that established itself last summer and seems to be returning; I mill mow around the clumbs; I hope they grow together and create one bigger clump. It’s a slopped area; I am glad to have something besides grass growing there!

In the sunnier part of the yard, there is another stand of lambs ear that is spilling out of the flower bed and into the grass next to the Fragrant Sumac. I need to clear out the part that bloomed and then died last fall to make it easier for the young plants to reclaim the whole area of the parent. I hope the sumac will eventually spill out into the grass as well. I am not mowing near where the plants are growing into the grass…trying to encourage their growth.

The violets and fragrant sumac are native. The lambs ear is not but seems to be a good filler plant until I can get more natives growing to fill the beds and start growing into the yard. The violets on the east side of the house took over almost on their own since the habitat there is good for them. An American spikenard and spicebush will grow above them this summer!

Gleanings of the Week Ending April 12, 2025

The items below were ‘the cream’ of the articles and websites I found this past week. Click on the light green text to look at the article.

Doctor shortages have hobbled health care for decades − and the trend could be worsening – It does seem like it is getting harder and harder to make an appointment with my doctor…and I have yet to see the same doctor twice for my annual checkup since we moved to Missouri. This article provides some background into why the US is increasingly short of doctors.

Your neighborhood might affect your risk of dementia - Most studies of risk factors for Alzheimer's disease focus on the individual level, not the community level. Of course, intervening at the community level is challenging, but prioritizing disadvantaged communities may be an effective way to mobilize resources for older adults and provide avenues for reducing the risk of dementia for the overall community.

Mangrove Pioneers - On the ground, a team surveying tidal marshes near the Florida–Georgia border in 2024 found red mangroves (Rhizophora mangle) and black mangroves (Avicennia germinans) growing 50 miles (80 kilometers) and 14 miles (23 kilometers) farther north, respectively, than their previously documented range. Landsat and other satellite imagery are valuable for monitoring marsh-to-mangrove transitions over larger areas and longer time frames. Conditions along the U.S. East Coast are conducive to mangrove territory expansion - less-frequent extreme cold events and rising winter temperatures in the region as contributing factors to the trees’ survival.

These Carnivorous Snails Slurp Earthworms Like Spaghetti – Snails in New Zealand….the short video is worth watching!

Why Norway is restoring its Cold War military bunkers - Norway is a land with many bunkers. At the peak of the Cold War, the sparsely populated, mountainous country had around 3,000 underground facilities where its armed forces and allies could hide and make life difficult for any invader. Norway is reactivating two of their most iconic underground structures of the Cold War. The role of the reactivated base which has had structural and equipment upgrades is to help the "resilience and survivability" of Norway's F-35s in the face of a Russian attack.

Are Hairstyles the Key to Unlocking Art History’s Most Famous Portraits? - Hairstyling has always been a way that women exacted agency over their self-presentation.  Paintings and sculptures can be rare visual records of these carefully chosen, and ephemeral, hairdos—which, unlike fashion garments, can’t survive and be passed down. (Although some historic wigs and clip-ins have stood the test of time and made it into museum collections.)

Making Sense of Butterfly Declines - Over the past two decades, the total number of butterflies across 554 species has plummeted by 22%. That means a loss of about one butterfly out of every five observed since 2000. This alarming trend underscores the severity of the decline, with many species experiencing drastic reductions in their populations. Three ways to help butterflies: plant native, plant native milkweed (i.e. native host plants), don’t spray.

2,000-Year-Old Wooden Houses Found in China - Houses in Shaoxing, Zhejiang, that date to the Warring States period (475–221 b.c.). The stilted and terraced wood-frame structures would have been covered with reeds and bamboo. The walls, made of interwoven wooden posts and thatch, retain numerous small holes, which archaeologists believe were left by grass ropes used to bind the structure together. Artifacts recovered from the site included primitive porcelain cups, red pottery tripods, ceramic urns, bronze drill bits, and plentiful remains of domestic animals as well as marine resources.

Retreating Arctic Glaciers Have Exposed 1,500 Miles of Coastline - Scientists tracked the movement of 1,500 coastal glaciers from 2000 to 2020, finding that retreating ice had unveiled hundreds of miles of coastline, largely in Greenland - revealing stores of precious metals…. but they warn that newly exposed coastline, which has not been cemented with ice, is vulnerable to erosion and landslides.

Listen to the First Known Recording of Shark Sounds, a ‘Weird’ Audio Clip Captured at a Marine Lab in New Zealand – Sounds from a rig shark…when it was handled between tests in the lab.

Project FeederWatch – April 2025

The juncos seemed to have left a little earlier than I expected. We didn’t see any by the beginning of April. Our bird feeder area looks almost the same as it did in the winter since the hollies and cedar are evergreen. Now we have violets coming up (the small low clumps of green in the rocked areas); they seem to thrive in the rock with landscaping cloth underneath. I’ve noticed robins and doves collecting the fine stems from last season’s violets to build nests.

We were startled during the first few minutes of one of our Feeder Watch sessions by a Cooper’s Hawk flying in and landing on the patio table! I managed to get a picture before it took off. All the other birds had vacated before the hawk came – so it didn’t get a meal from our feeder area. They didn’t return until the later part of our 30-minute observation time.

The white-throated and white-crowned sparrows are still around. I didn’t take pictures of them. There are house finches and goldfinches. The goldfinches are sporadic visitors and the one we saw stayed at the feeder longer.

The light blue color when a dove blinks always surprises me. This one seemed to snoozing….making it easier to photograph. It was cold morning, so the feathers were fluffed.

The Carolina Wren is not a bird we see every single observation time…but we usually see it at least once during our 2-day Feeder Watch count. It likes the suet…and whatever is scatter on the ground….best.

There is a pair of downy woodpeckers. They like the suet and the seed….and our trees. I am hoping they nest nearby and produce young this year.

I saw a red-bellied woodpecker briefly, but the grackles came and it left quickly. On the plus side – the grackles are acting as a deterrent to the starlings.

This is the last month of the Project Feeder Watch season. I’ll do one last post in early May to close out what happens at our feeders (maybe we’ll see some migrants). We’ll start up again in the fall.

2 Months with my Nikon Coolpix P950

The most significant experience with my newish Nikon Coolpix P950 was our trip to Loess Bluff’s National Wildlife Refuge; there were three blog posts from that trip (one, two, three). My favorite image that the new camera captured was a video of trumpeter swans…trumpeting!

There were a few photos I took around my spring yard – crocus and a pinecone in the grass. I notice the slight increase in weight from my previous camera…not a positive for the new one.

The camera autofocus is not as good in lower light as my previous camera…or maybe it is the ‘through the window’ aspect of the photos I take while we are making Feeder Watch observations.

I am determined not to revert to my previous bridge camera (Canon Powershot SX70 HS) but I find myself using my small point and shot camera that I can slip in a pocket for times I don’t anticipate needing the additional zoom power of the heavier camera!

Gleanings of the Week Ending April 5, 2025

The items below were ‘the cream’ of the articles and websites I found this past week. Click on the light green text to look at the article.

What’s Hiding Inside This 2,200-Year-Old Pyramidal Structure in the Judean Desert? - Alongside Nahal Zohar, a stream in the southern Judean Desert, archaeologists are picking through a large building they believe was used as a stronghold for protecting the caravan route bringing bitumen and salt from the Dead Sea to Mediterranean ports. To date, researchers have found a new Dead Sea Scroll, excellently preserved ancient Roman swords, and a 10,000-year-old basket and lid.

Which Native Plant Are YOU? - Take a moment to enjoy a bit of playful anthropomorphism as you take a Native Plant Personality Quiz, to see which native plant YOU are most like!

Ecologists document Utah's bee species and say beehive state is rich in bee diversity - 1,167 bee species are documented in the state of Utah!

Mud, water and wood: The system that kept a 1604-year-old city afloat - The city, which turned 1604 years old on March 25, is built on the foundations of millions of short wooden piles, pounded in the ground with their tip facing downwards. These trees – larch, oak, alder, pine, spruce and elm of a length ranging between 3.5m (11.5ft) to less than 1m (3ft) – have held up stone palazzos and tall belltowers for centuries, in a true marvel of engineering leveraging the forces of physics and nature.

From Wasteland to Wonder – A free eBook by Basil Camu about trees and how each of us can improve the places we love. It includes QR codes for instructional videos about how to do things. One that I viewed and will apply immediately is how to prune shrubs in a way friendly to the plant…and results in less frequent pruning!

Renewables Accounted for More Than 90 Percent of New Power Globally Last Year - Still, growth is not on pace to meet a global goal to triple renewable capacity by the end of this decade. Continuing its clean-energy dominance, China installed more renewable power than all other countries combined last year.

7 Ways State Wildlife Action Plans Save Species – From the National Wildlife Federation.

Women Played a More Important Role in Producing Medieval Manuscripts Than Previously Thought - Female scribes were responsible for producing at least 110,000 handwritten manuscripts between 400 and 1500 C.E. in the “Latin West,” or the Roman Catholic parts of Europe, researchers find. That represents roughly 1.1 percent of the total 10 million manuscripts produced during that period….and that is likely an underestimate.

Jamestown is Drowning - Millions of artifacts have been excavated from the site over the last century, helping historians to understand much of what we know about this historic early settlement. But untold numbers of other artifacts may soon be lost forever because of increasing water levels, not just from flooding but also from rising groundwater and migrating wetland areas. Among the most profound known impacts are the loss of human remains. The average sea level has risen nearly 1.6 feet in the tidewater region of Virginia—a trend that is now accelerating. Studies predict that about 14 of Historic Jamestown’s 23 acres—or 60 percent—could be permanently underwater within the next 50 years.

These Are the 20 Happiest Countries in the World - The United States dropped to its lowest ranking yet in the annual report. This year, America came in 24th, down from its peak at 11th on the 2012 list.

eBotantical Prints – March 2025

Twenty more books were added to my botanical print eBook collection in March - available for browsing on Internet Archive. This month includes 4 volumes of Dissertatio Botanica by Carl Peter Thunburg from the late 1700s and the first volumes of Recueil des plantes les plus usuelles peintes d'apres nature by Pierre de Savary (the second series will be continued in the April eBotanical Prints). My favorite image of the month is from the Album of Chinese flora executed by one or more Chinese artists for John Reeves (1774-1856).

My list of eBotanical Prints books now totals 3,083 eBooks I’ve browsed over the years. The whole list can be accessed here.

Click on any sample image from March’s 20 books below to get an enlarged version…and the title hyperlink in the list below the image mosaic to view the entire volume where there are a lot more botanical illustrations to browse.

Enjoy the March 2025 eBotanical Prints!

Nova genera Plantarum  * Thunberg, Carl Peter * sample image * 1781

Dissertatio Botanica V1 * Thunberg, Carl Peter * sample image * 1781

Dissertatio Botanica V2 * Thunberg, Carl Peter * sample image * 1782

Dissertatio Botanica V3 * Thunberg, Carl Peter * sample image * 1782

Dissertatio Botanica V4 * Thunberg, Carl Peter * sample image * 1782

Flora Japonica * Thunberg, Carl Peter * sample image * 1784

Flora Japonica sive Plantae * Siebold, Philipp Franz von * sample image * 1835

Album of Chinese flora executed by one or more Chinese artists for John Reeves (1774-1856) * Chinese School  * sample image * 1820

Icones selectae plantarum * Kaemper, Engelbert * sample image * 1791

Medical botany; or, history of plants in the materia medica of the London, Edinburgh and Dublin pharmacopoeias. Arranged according to the Linnaean system V1 * E. Cox and Son (publisher) * sample image * 1821

Medical botany; or, history of plants in the materia medica of the London, Edinburgh and Dublin pharmacopoeias. Arranged according to the Linnaean system V2 * E. Cox and Son (publisher) * sample image * 1822

Standardized products - a descriptive list of drug extracts standardized by chemical or physiological means * Parke, Davis & Company * sample image * 1911


A brief treatise on various ailments and their treatment by nature's remedies
* Medical Institute (Bradford, West Yorkshire, England) * sample image * 1895

The new British domestic herbal * Waller, John Augustine * sample image * 1822

Mémoires pour servir à l'histoire des plantes * Dodart, Denis * sample image * 1676

Handbuch der pharmaceutischen Botanik. : Mit illuminirten Kupfern * Juch, Karl Wilhelp; Volckart, Johann Friedrich * sample image * 1804

The reformed practice of medicine * Rosen, Samuel * sample image * 1895

Recueil des plantes les plus usuelles peintes d'apres nature V3 * Savary, Pierre de * sample image * 1764

Recueil des plantes les plus usuelles peintes d'apres nature V4 * Savary, Pierre de * sample image * 1764

Recueil des plantes les plus usuelles peintes d'apres nature V5 * Savary, Pierre de * sample image * 1765